JBE
Called JBE becos 1st case documented in Japan,in 1871.Not becos it can only occur in Japan.
Periodic epidemic risks - Myanmar,Malaysia,India
,Cambodia,Vietnam,Nepal
Causal organism- JBV (Flavivirus )
Spread by-Culex mosquito
(Reservior in pigs n birds)
Mostly asymptomatic
Patient may suffer symptoms as in other viral infections such as
fever (with rigors),headache,malaise etc.
What surprised me most is testicular swelling
Only 1 in 250 cases may present encephalitis
In that case symptoms such as neck rigidity,fits,spastic paralysis may occur
Rapid deterioration in conscious level may reflects viral caused encephalitis
CFR is 30% in such cases
Among survived patients,30% may have permanent neurological deficits n mental retardation.
I/V - JE serology for IgM
CSF cytology
Here IgM can detect from 3 to 8 days after symptoms n persist more than 90days
So may detect after vaccination or previous infections.
In CSF,white cell count may increase upto 1000,protein n glucose may be normal in viral encephalitis.
No specific treatment
Suppportive treatment-antipyretic,anticonvulsant,respiratory support if necessary.
Prevention is better
Even WHO recommends JE vaccine in routine schedule.
Its safe n effective.
Boster dose require after 3yrs in high risk areas.
No person to person transmission.
Can cause transplacental transmission.
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